Farming News - CCC Report: Climate change poses threats to UK farming
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CCC Report: Climate change poses threats to UK farming
A major climate report has shown that more needs to be done to tackle climate change and protect the natural environment in Britain, which is already feeling the effects of climate change. According to the report, the main risks to the country are from further flooding, heat and impacts on food and farming.
The UK government is required to publish a report on the risk from climate change every five years; this latest report from the Committee on Climate Change (CCC), released on Tuesday, shows that conditions in the UK are mirroring those seen around the world, with rising sea levels, higher average temperatures and more extreme weather events observed in recent years.
Globally, 14 of the 15 hottest years on record have occurred since 2000 and sea levels have risen by 15-20 centimetres since 1900. 2016 is set to break global temperature records and if this proves to be the case, each of the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 will have been the hottest on record.
Produced over three years by hundreds of experts, the latest report from CCC’s Adaptation Sub-Committee shows that trends in the UK seem to be in line with predictions of climate change impacts, with milder winters, warmer summers and episodes of sustained heavy rainfall.
The CCC warned that last month’s Brexit vote could have implications for the UK’s climate change adaptation if EU policies on emissions or environmental protection are withdrawn and not replaced by equivalent or better measures. The CCC’s Adaptation Sub-Committee will be assessing the impact of the vote, but won’t deliver any findings until June 2017.
According to the CCC, the most urgent risks to the UK include:
- Flooding and coastal change, which could harm communities, businesses and infrastructure.
- Higher temperatures potentially threatening health
- Water shortages in Southern and Eastern regions, which could risk cuts to the public water supply and scarcity for agriculture, energy generation and freshwater ecosystems
- Climate change impacts on nature and wildlife, including on soils and aquatic ecosystems.
- New pests and diseases, or shifts in distributions of these things could threaten public health
In relation to agriculture the report finds that shifting pest and disease populations could carry risks for food production, as could impacts on soil health. More erratic weather could lead to disruptions in domestic food production and international trade. However, the researchers also said UK agriculture and forestry may be able to increase production, due to the expected warmer weather and a longer growing season. Even so, this will only be the case if constraints such as water availability and soil fertility are managed effectively.
The report lists priorities for action and research in this area, including making a concerted effort to end damaging land management practices and restoring degraded natural habitats, and boosting research into more resilient crop varieties and farming systems.
Commenting on the report’s release, Lord Krebs, Chair of the CCC’s Adaptation Sub-Committee said, “The impacts of climate change are becoming ever clearer, both in the United Kingdom and around the world. We must take action now to prepare for the further, inevitable changes we can expect. Delaying or failing to take appropriate steps will increase the costs and risks for all UK nations arising from the changing climate.”
Commenting on the threats to food production, Lord Krebs warned that the impacts of extreme weather events elsewhere in the world could disrupt the feed supply; he noted that recent periods of drought in South America have already led to price hikes, which have put livestock farmers in Europe out of business.
He continued, “We depend on, not just imported food, and the breadbasket of East Anglia depends on the fertile peat topsoils for producing cereals. Those topsoils are disappearing at an alarming rate. Three quarters of the topsoil has disappeared in the last 150 years and that disappearance is being accelerated by climate change.
“If we carry on as we are at the moment it will all be gone within a generation and we simply won’t be able to grow the food that we are growing now in the future.”
The CCC has produced a video to outline their findings: